New technologies will gradually take their place in the protection of populations, including in the prevention of terrorism, but also delinquency. In 2012, the science fiction film "Minority Report" presented a world where the police stop criminals before they commit their acts. Today, it is not there yet, but the technology already helps prevent crimes. This is what explains Jean-Philippe Cunniet in this exciting interview on the contribution of new technologies in the field of security. Jean-Philippe is Cunniet trainer, consultant in new technologies, founder of the marketing research company WhatsHome and Waykup, company specialized in the design of connected objects. Jean-Philippe Cunniet was the guest Yannick Urrien November 26, 2015
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Maintenance Excerpts
Kernews: The new technologies will they, in the coming years change our perception of crime and terrorism
Jean-Philippe Cunnier: We all want maximum safety with an invasion of privacy minimum. For example, Ségolène Royal has announced that security gates would be installed on the Thalys we accept it provided that the passage is invisible and fluid, without it oppresses us in our daily life
. But you get used to the progressive limitation of our freedoms. For example, in the automotive field, laws have become increasingly restrictive. This risk does he not amplify security?
Security should be as unobtrusive and safest possible. The real security is that of automated video analysis. It was discovered that one of the terrorists had been in a subway station a few days later because someone had manually, watch hours and hours of video to get to detect the presence of this person. But this kind of face recognition on the video images can be done automatically. For more than ten years in the London Underground, surveillance cameras are intelligent algorithms that monitor the behavior of people on the platform. In real time, the software can happen to detect a passenger waiting for a subway train and then let it pass, then the next, and when he starts walking behind other people who are close to the pier, a computer alert is launched by security personnel stressing that suspicious behavior may suggest that a person is preparing, not to take the subway, but to push someone on the way. This kind of alert based on video image analysis can be traced back to the security guards to give them clues. In 2002, in the movie "Minority Report", crimes were warned even before having been committed, through technology. This is achieved through the intersection of a number of data from surveillance cameras, geolocation data from mobile phones, etc. In France, there are several thousands of sheets S, so that the people should be monitored. It raises the possibility of putting their electronic bracelets, but one could very well imagine the possibility to slightly reduce their freedom by constantly géolocalisant them. At that time, computer algorithms can analyze the data and say so and so stuck S just crossed the road of another stuck S, so this may be a clue to say that in such area may be getting ready something. It is simply to have signals to allow the police and justice to investigate. For example, one could have known that such terrorist was in the subway when he was there, not three days ... This is to be informed in real time, as soon as possible, by circulating all information that can be collected through the connected objects. Then you have to share information between different countries. If the terrorists are going to Belgium to attack France, and vice versa, it is because they know very well that computer systems are different and that the information is cut at the border. Then, we must know what we are willing to accept in terms of surveillance in our society, because Big Brother is always fear. Things must be done discreetly. At the time of September 11, some people have proposed that we increase security around the baggage with real-time monitoring. There was an idea, which is far from being uninteresting, which was to disseminate real-time scanning all the photos of baggage on the Internet. Thus, anyone could freely go online to see the luggage go. Luggage are anonymous, but when you see a suspicious image, you can alert the security forces
noting that the crime department of the University of Pennsylvania has developed its own algorithm to predict the next homicide from a wide variety of data and that Interpol, analyzing big data allows for years to predict many premeditated acts such as car thefts, street assaults, theft and even murder ... How can the big data arrive to anticipate crimes?
the real world, when a criminal is preparing to take action, steal a car or kill someone, there is a preparation phase and the preparation phase leaves signs: If you want to attack someone in too lit street, you will start by breaking the bulbs of the street, you go to Google to search for a gun, you register in a shooting club for practice ... When you know that the people of a neighborhood are all on holiday, there is an upsurge burglaries. Just make sure that information is shared by giving a signal.
Each act is being prepared, so if I want to steal your bike, I'll turn around for a few minutes ...
Just and, as we can not put a policeman behind every tree may prefer to have surveillance cameras with software that will detect as people move around the bike or stay too long in a parking lot. It was learned that the terrorists attack of Bataclan remained two hours in their cars without leaving it. So that detects a surveillance camera one, two or three people remain more than an hour in a car without leave, it is already an index to indicate the police vehicle patrol in the area to go control these people.
A generalized surveillance, coupled with well-calibrated computer algorithms to detect suspicious behavior and prevent a number of things. For example, when a single woman is followed by a man, the software will be able to say that if the man is still behind after three or four crossings of streets, it is not necessarily a coincidence ...
Absolutely! All that was detected by human eyes, by the neighbor on the third floor that identifies abnormal behavior on its parking, can now be detected by a computer algorithm. This is also know to provide guidance for police forces, whose budget is necessarily limited, can work more efficiently.
In France, our parents or our grandparents experienced the occupation, sometimes the need to live in secret, and it is feared the idea of a generalized surveillance. Are things changing?
If we did a survey of the French population when all is well, when asked to people if they accept more cameras, the answer is unanimous: "I do not want to be monitored." But if you ask this after an attack, everyone answers yes! Should there be more insecurity to accept more tools promoting safety? I do not necessarily believe it, but these are choices that society must do. I'm just saying I would rather be in a well lit street in a poorly lit street. I prefer a police patrol wonder what I do in a street late at night, because it has an index, rather than ask me when did not. But above all there is the issue of anonymization. If you stay three hours in a car, do not be surprised if one comes to ask for your papers to check who you are.
Those who lived through the decades of freedom in the 70 and 80 are bound to have trouble adapting to it all ...
Yes, but the world is changing. If Belgium is much more secure than France, the crimes will be held in France. If a street is more enlightened than another, the crimes will be on the street who will not be lit ... Now we come to the fact that one street is more video-monitored, the fewer crimes. I have a studio in Saint-Denis, which is located next to the Bank of France and the antenna has a lot of cameras. I am delighted because I am in the most secure city street. The terrorists were caught 800 meters from my house on a street that is not monitored ...
With our Latin mentality, we want many cameras to feel safe but At the same time, when you come out of the restaurant to joyfully take his car, a sign that you have a few drinks, we do not want to be monitored ... Ditto when driving at 140 km / h on a highway ...
We should not decide on emotion but on the data. Do the figures show that speed cameras, for example, are effective? Do surveillance cameras are effective for stopping sooner the culprits? The real issue is fear of who will control the data. Can we divert the use of such data? My neighbor from his window, can see my living room, and if a burglar enters my home, my neighbor will be able to spot it. This is a situation that I accept. So if humans can see us, it is a situation that we accept and we may well accept as algorithms watching. Finally, the biggest obstacle to securing a population, they are the fears we have. If we had confidence in our leaders, it would be more secure.
You stress that new technologies can already afford to anticipate crimes, except crimes of passion ...
Yes, because crimes of passion leaves no traces! The husband finds his wife with another and he jumps on him. But he had a day quite normal, it was not from a gunsmith to buy a gun, he did not learn to get false papers ... The crime of passion, is the person surprise and takes a candlestick to kill his wife's lover: you can not predict the
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